This activity administered the TONI (Test of Nonverbal Intelligence) to 28 individuals diagnosed with Williams syndrome, ranging in age from children to adults. Considering that individuals with this syndrome generally exhibit stronger verbal abilities but limited visuospatial and abstract reasoning abilities, a nonverbal intelligence test was chosen to more fairly reflect their cognitive profiles. The test was administered individually using the standardized version of TONI-4. Overall, the vast majority of participants were friendly, cooperative, and able to complete the questions at each stage under the guidance of the test administrator. Some children initially exhibited short attention spans and rapid responses due to nervousness or over-excitement, requiring brief reminders and positive encouragement to help them stabilize their responses. Most adolescents and adults maintained good attention; however, frustration reactions due to reasoning difficulties were observed in more challenging questions, such as silence, repetitive talking, or requests for help. Regarding the types of responses, most participants demonstrated high proficiency in simple shape matching and classification questions, but showed a significant decline in performance on items requiring visual rotation and advanced logical reasoning. This phenomenon is consistent with the common visuospatial integration difficulties and high verbal/low performance intelligence characteristics in Williams syndrome. The administration of this test proceeded smoothly. TONI, as a non-verbal tool, effectively reduces the interference of language ability in intelligence assessment, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the cognitive abilities of individuals with Williams syndrome. Further recommendations include combining TONI with assessments of daily living functions and language abilities for a more holistic clinical assessment and counseling plan.

Implemented by Center for Teaching and Learning Development
Date: 2025/05/04